EARTH QUAKE
An earth quake is a sudden movement of earth’s surface or crust. Or you can say that earth quake is the result of sudden release of stored energy. These energies are stored over a long period of time due to tectonic forces with in the earth. Most earth quake take places due to the fault in the upper 25 miles of the earth’s surface. There are several main reasons of earth quake but two major are describing below:
1. Volcanic Eruptions:-
First one is explosive volcanic eruptions. When the magma is under a lot of pressure and the magma looks for an opening and exert pressure on earth’s crust and its plate will move.
These activities are mostly conducted in mountain or volcanic area due to evaporation of magma.
2. Tectonic activity:-
The surface of the earth is divided into many parts which are known as plates. These plates are floating on the melted magma beneath the earth’s crust. Heat makes these plates rise and fall. Due to that the plates moved and earth quake comes.
EARTH QUAKE MEASURING INSTRUMENT/TOOL:-
Seismologist is an instrument use to measure the wave created by earth quake. Seismologist has mainly two parts.
• Seismograph (is use to measure the wave)
• Seismo scope (is use to measure the time/occurrence and direction)
Seismologist is one of the most oldest and accurate earth quake measuring instruments.
HOW TO PREDICT THE EARTH QUAKE:-
The earth quake can predict by two ways.
• Dilatancy theory
• Animals behavior
DILATANCY THEORY:-
Dilatancy is one of the most authentic theory and philosophy about earth quake prediction. In this theory the scientist says that we can predict the earth quake by movement in rock. Like when a rock is stressed it begins to expand to dilate. It is due to micro cracks and features in the rock opening up and became larger.
ANIMAL BEHAVIOR:-
The chines scientist says that when ever there will be any earth quake the animals usually change their behavior. Like they usually become restless, refused to enter buildings or seemed frightened for no obvious reason.
LIST OF BIGGEST EARTH QUAKE LIST
(BY MAGNITUTE AND DEADLIEST)
LIST BY MAGNITUDE
RATING DATE AREA MAGNITUDE
1 9-July-869 Pacific Ocean, tohoku region, Japan 8.6
2 20-sep-1498 Pacific Ocean, Nankai Trough, Japan 8.6
3 16-Dec-1575 Chile 8.6
DEADLIEST BY RECORD
RATING DATE AREA Fatalities MAGNITUDE
1 23-Jan-1556 SHANNXI, CHINA 8,20,000-8,30,3000 (approx.) 8.0
(approx.)
2 28-July-1976 Tangshan China 242,419-655,000 (approx.) 7.5-7.8 (approx.)
3 12-Jan-2010 Haiti 316,000(Haitian sources)
50,000–92,000 (non-Haitian sources (approx.) 7.0 (approx.)
